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Latin 204 Worksheet #18 - Aeneid4. lines 331-355 Name: ____________________________________

I. Grammar.
1. Match the following participles with the words they modify and give a translation of the participle as used in context: e.g. immota (331) goes with lumina (tr. - "his eyes unmoved"): obnixus (332), promeritam (335), victis (344)
2. Identify the form and function of: fando (333), Elissae (335), artus (336)
3. Identify the form and function of loquar (337), iussere (346)
4. What is the difference between the verbs colerem (343) and posuissem (344) in the conclusion to the condition and how do their translations in context differ?
5. What word or words modify fugam (338), auspiciis (341), invidia (350), imago (353)
6. For each infinitive in indirect speech in this passage identify the accusative subject of each of those infinitives.
7. For each relative pronoun in this passage, explain its case number and gender.

II. Content.
1. List any 2 points from Aeneas' response that directly answer issues raised by Dido in her previous comments (305-330)
2. Looking at lines 331-332, how can Aeneas' attitude here be regarded as a positive response to Dido?
3. Identify the significance of any 6 of the proper names recorded in this passage.

III. Style.
1. Note any 2 significant choices Vergil made in his word order for lines 333-335
2. Create a short outline of Aeneas' major points in his response to Dido.
3. Explain Vergil's very scrambled word order for the main sentence in lines 351-353.

IV. Scansion. Scan completely lines 337-344.

Latin 204 Worksheet #17 - Aeneid4. lines 259-284 Name: ____________________________________

I. Grammar. Please note that Cyllenius (i.e. Mercury) is the understood subject of line 259.
1. Identify the referent and explain the case for the pronouns illi (261),quae (263), ipse (268), qui (269), cui (275)
2. What adjective or adjectives modify ensis (262), murice (262), auro (264), auras ((270)?
3. Identify the form and function of the participles novantem (260), oblite (267), locutus (276), arrectae (280)
4. Give the complete form and function of murice (263), deum (268), spes (274), tanto (282)

II. Content.
1. Explain the significance and overall effect of each element of Aeneas' dress in lines 261-264.
2. How does Aeneas show that he is "ruled by his wife - uxorius" according to Mercury. How do the lines before Mercury speaks lead the reader to a similar conclusion?
3. What does Mercury finally think will motivate Aeneas to change his present course?
4. What are the details Vergil adds to explain Aeneas' reaction to Mercury's visit?

III. Style.
1. Identify a sentence in which Vergil shifts from past to present tense and explain why he may have done this.
2. ENJAMBMENT is when a grammatical phrase or sentence leaves one word to the next line of meter. This gives special emphasis to that leftover word. This happens at the beginning of lines 261, 264, 267, 269, 275, and 276. Choose any 2 of these instances and explain what is so important about that leftover word that it becomes so strongly emphasized in these places.
3. Explain the effect of Mercury's questions to Aeneas, and Aeneas deliberative questions with himself.

IV. Scansion. Identify every example of elision in this entire passage. Write the two words that elide and mark the longs and shorts correctly above each of the words.

Latin 204 Worksheet #16 - Aeneid4. lines 195-218 Name: ____________________________________

I. Grammar.
1. What type of ablative is: Hammone (198), Garamantide (198), regnis (199)?
2. Give the complete form and function of: divum (201 & 204), pingue (202)
3. Rewrite the Latin of lines 203-205 in the best order for translation to English.
4. What adjective (or adjectives) modifies gens (207), toris (207), ignes (209)?
5. Identify the complete form and function of the participles errans (209),arandum (212), subnexus (217)
6. What are the complete form and function of dicitur (204), orasse (205), horremus (209)?
7. What are the form and function of loci (213), nostra (213), regna (214)
8. Name the referent and explain the case of hic (198), is (203), cui (206), cui 212)

II. Content.
1. List any 4 things Iarbas has done to try to win Jupiter Hammon's favor.
2. Identify any 1 element of Iarbas' prayer that sounds like he is talking to a god, and any 1 thing that makes it seem like he is talking to his father. (Don't just list the words omnipotens and genitor)
3. What does Iarbas' prayer indicate about the relationship between man and the gods?
4. What's with all the references to Aeneas and his men not being so manly?

III. Style.
1. Identify any 2 lines from this passage with more than 2 words in alliteration.
2. Make a simple outline of Iarbas' prayer indicating his transition between main themes from sentence to sentence.

IV. Scansion. Copy and scan lines 206-214.

Latin 204 Worksheet #15 - Aeneid4. lines 54-73 Name: ____________________________________

I. For lines 54-73, write down EVERY verb, including main verbs, infinitives, participles and gerunds. Give all relevant information about the verb: tense, mood, voice, person, number; and tell its function in the sentence. Do this like you did the nouns last week

II. Scansion. Copy and scan line 59-64

Latin 204 Worksheet #14 - Aeneid4. lines 31-53 Name: ____________________________________

I. Grammar.
1. Give the complete form and function of: carpere (32), noris (33),
2. Identify the subject(s) and object(s) of curare (34) PLEASE NOTE the form of esto (35)!!
3. Give the complete form and function of: flexere (35), consederis (39)
4. Give a good English translation of the two ablative absolutes on line 45, and of the double accusative with posce on line 50.
5. What are the complete form and function of Teucrum (48) quantis (49)?
6. What are the complete form and function of morandi (51) tractabile (53)?

II. Content.
1. List each of the explicit references in this passages to native Africans and translate any descriptions Anna gives for these tribes.
2. List one of Anna's suggestions for Dido's union with Aeneas which sounds political and one that sounds more personal.
3. What appears to be problematic about sea travel in the winter?

III. Style.
1. Line 44 is the first of several "half-lines" in Book 4 showing that Vergil was not finished editing the poem. Brainstorm what subject Vergil MIGHT have put between this line and the next. Remember he could have inserted several more complete lines here too.
2. Anna seems ironically aware and yet unaware of the gods' role in the future she foresees and in the present. List all her comments about the gods or a goddess and note how Anna is both right and wrong in her suggestions of obligation to these deities

IV. Scansion. Copy and scan the half-line (44) and note where it stops, then scan completely, lines 50-53.

Latin 204 Worksheet #13 - Aeneid1. lines 670-690, + English 691-706 Name: ____________________________________

I. Grammar.
1. Identify each subjunctive verb in this entire passage and explain the function of each. Use the notes.
2. quo numine (674) is ablative. Read each of the types of ablatives presented on pages 61-64 and list each type that MIGHT apply to this use of the ablative.
3. Rewrite lines 676-679 in English translated order.
4. Name the referent (person referred to by) of each of these pronouns: se (674), hunc (680), te(685).
5. Explain the future indicative usage in the cum clauses on lines 685-687
6. Identify the case of: restantia (679), regalis (686), amplexus (687)

II. Content.
1. What is Venus describing as mea maxima cura (678)?
2. What 2 important sacred sites of Venus (Aphrodite) are mentioned in this passage?
3. Having read this entire passage, briefly explain the essential parts of Venus' plan AND her motivations for the plan.
4. What 2 names are used here for the Roman god of love? ... for the son of Aeneas?

III. Style.
1. Explain the stylistic effect of the word order of the phrase notos pueri puer indue vultus (684).
2. Identify any 1 theme that you think recurs in these lines AND note at least 2 different words used that indicate that theme's importance. Don't forget to consider the English lines as well.

IV. Scansion. Copy and scan lines 673-676.

Latin 204 THE REAL Worksheet #12 - Aeneid1. lines 494-508, plus 509-560 English
Name: ____________________________________

I. Grammar.
1. What are the form and function of forma (495)?
2. What are the form and function of iuvenum and stipante (497)?
3.Explain the form and function of the relative pronoun quam (499).
4. What are the form and function of omnis (501)?
5. Put the parentesis of line 502 in English order.
6. Explain the form and function of operi and regnis futuris (504)
7. Identify the forms of the participles saepta and subnixa (506).

II. Content.
1. List any 3 things you believe Aeneas is dumbstruck at about Dido.
2. Identify 2 specific references to Dido's dominance over men in this passage.
3. Name 3 important points of Ilioneus' speech to Dido (lines 509-560).

III. Style.
1. The extended SIMILE (comparison to a similar scene) is a typical element of epic based on the model set by Homer. Explain the most important comparisons made here between Diana and Dido.
2. One line in this passage has repeated examples of ALLITERATION and ASSONANCE. The alliteration is highlighted by two examples of elision in the line and repetitions of the alliterated sound in assonance throughout the line. Write out this line and mark the alliteration, elision and assonance. NOTE: Alliteration is repeated use of a consonant sound at the beginning of words in close order, assonance is repetition of sounds within words, not at the beginning.

IV. Scansion. Copy and scan lines 494-497.
.

Latin 204 Worksheet #11 - Aeneid1. lines 297-304, 335-342 + English links (see syllabus)
Name: ____________________________________

I. Grammar.
1. Use the appendix to determine what type of ablative Maia represents.
2. Identify the forms of the two verbs in the purpose clauses of lines 298-300.
3. The form of hospitio Teucris (299) is often called a DOUBLE DATIVE. What are the two components of this. See the notes that lead you to the appendix.
4. Explain the form of magnum (300).
5. Identify the form of volente deo and give a translation for it (304).
6. Identify the complete form and function of tali honore (335).
7. Identify the forms of the two participles in lines 340-341

II. Content.
1. In the lines before 297, name 3 specific important fortunes Jove predicts for the future of Rome.
2. Who are the Poeni (302) and the Teucri (299,304) and what is Mercury doing to these people's destinies in this passage.?
3. How does Venus say Tyrian, i.e. Carthaginian, girls dress? What does that say about Carthage's character?

III. Style.
1. Remember that Vergil wrote the Aeneid before Ovid wrote his poetry, so Ovid is aware of Vergil's work. What phrase in lines 300-301 might Ovid have borrowed from Vergil? Compare the two passages and see if there is some good reason for Ovid to have borrowed this phrase.
2. How do lines 335-339 set us up for the designation of Dido as queen of Carthage?

IV. Scansion. Copy and scan lines 297-301
.

Latin 204 Worksheet #10 - Aeneid1. lines 23-33 Name: ____________________________________

I. Grammar.
1. Give the case number and gender of prima and quod (24), and tell the referent of prima and the antecedent of quod.
2. Identify the form and function of animo (26).
3. Identify the case of each word in lines 27-28.
4. What are the complete form and function of accensa (29)?
5. Identify the form and function of each adjecctive or noun in line 32..
6. What are the form and function of tantae molis (33)?

II. Content.
1. What are the 4 sources of Juno's longstanding hatred against Troy listed on lines 27-28?
2. Because of this anger, what did Juno do to the Trojans according to lines 29-32?
3. Explain the significance of line 33?
4. Identify the significance of: Saturnia (23), Argis (24), Paridis (27), Ganymedis (28), Danaum (30), Achilli (30)

IV. Scansion. Copy and scan lines 29-33.

Latin 204 Worksheet #9 - Aeneid1. lines 12-22 Name: ____________________________________

I. Grammar.
1. What is the complete form of tenuere(12)?
2. Identify the form and function of opum and studiis (14).
3. Identify the form of fertur (15).
4. What are the complete form and function of posthabita Samo (16)?
5. What are the referents of (words referred to by) the pronouns hic, illiusand hoc (16-17).
6. Identify the complete form and function of impulerit (11).
7. What are duci's complete form and function (19)? Note the syncopated (contracted) form of audi(v)erat (20)
8. What are the form and function of venturum and excidio (22)?

II. Content.
1. List any 4 descriptions of Carthage found in this passage.
2. Copy the map on the page before the introduction in your book, and circle all the geographical locations mentioned in the passage. Which of the
geographical locations is NOT on that map and where is it located?
3. How are the Roman people described at the end of this passage and how does this compare with Carthage?

III. Style.
1. How does the word order of lines 13 and 14 mimic the meaning of the words? Use the map to help you understand the references. NOTE: the port of the
city of Rome was a town named Ostia because it stood at the mouth of the Tiber River
2. Vergil chose verteret (20) as a word with multiple interpretations in an intentionally ambiguous prediction of the future for Juno's beloved Carthage. What
are the 2 ways that readers might hear this fortune?

IV. Scansion. Copy and scan lines 15-18.

Latin 204 Worksheet #8 - Aeneid1. lines 1-11 Name: ____________________________________
Note: this text marks consonant 'i' (sounds like 'y' in 'yam') as a 'j'. Also notice how the footnotes give you a reference to, for example, 'App. 299' at line 11. This is a reference number for the Grammatical APPendix in the back of the book. Use this very helpful tool. Don't just write down the grammatical phrases as answers to questions, but go to the appendix to learn how to understand those references in translation.

I. Grammar.
1. What are the complete form and function of profugus (2)? How should you translate it in this context?
2. Identify the form and function of vi and superum (4).
3. Identify the form and function of iactatus (3) and passus (5).
4. What are the complete form and function of conderet (5) and inferret(6)?
5. What is the form of dolens (9) and what word does it modify?
6. Identify the complete form and function of impulerit (11).
7. Your notes suggest animis caelestibus (11) is a possessive dative. Using the appendix, give an appropriate translation of the phrase given this information. Then consider the phrase as a pure dative of reference. How does this change the translation?

II. Content.
1. Based on the first 3 words of the Aeneid, what should we assume is important in this epic poem?
2. List all the words in these lines which designate a geographic location and use the notes to explain the importance of each word.

III. Style.
1. What does Vergil accomplish through his chosen word order in the phrase beginning with Trojae (1) and ending with litora (3)?
2. Note the interlocked word order (synchesis) at line 4. How does this ABAB order influence the understanding of the words?
3. Compare and contrast the uses of the words alto (3) andaltae (7). It certainly is not coincidental that Vergil used this word twice in different contexts here.

IV. Scansion. Copy and scan lines 8-11. We've now returned for good to pure dactylic hexameter.

Latin 204 Worksheet #7 - Amores 1.12 lines 23-30 Name: ____________________________________
Please NOTE: You should read to line 30. What I originally wrote on the syllabus was a typo.

I. Grammar.
1. Your note tells you that capiant (23) is a potential subjunctive? How should it be translated then?
2. Identify the antecedent of quas (24) then substitute the correct form of that antecedent in place of the quas and rewrite line 24 in English translated order as if it were a complete sentence.
3. Identify the complete form of iacerent (26) and fleret (27). Your note tells you this is another example of potential subjunctive. How does the translation change with the tense shift?
4. avarus is called a substantive adjective standing in place of a noun. How should you translate it in the sentence?
5. Completely identify the form and function of precer (29) and rodat (30) and tell how they should be translated.
6. In the last phrase of the poem (30) give the form and function of each of the words making sure to combine things in agreement and explain the reason sit is subjunctive.

II. Content.
1. What does Ovid now think his tablets should be (lines 23-26) and what are the negative connotations that this transformation implies?
2. Consider Ovid's statement that the number 2 was not very favorable (28). What might one consider naturally unfortunate or ill-fated about 2. (Hint: Think of the main way we use and think of things in pairs)

III. Style.
1. duplices (27) represents a word with double meaning (we call this a double entendre). Explain the 2 meaning Ovid employs in his use of this descriptive term for the tablets.
2. List all the similarities in grammar and word placement between lines 23-24 and lines 25-26.

IV. Scansion. Copy and scan lines 23-26.

Latin 204 Worksheet #6 - Amores 1.12 lines 13-22 Name: ____________________________________
I. Grammar.
1. What are the case number and gender of triviis and inutile lignum? (13)
2. Identify the complete form and function of praetereuntis(14) and what word in the sentence does it modify?
NOTE the use of jussive subjunctives in the curse (13-14)
3. What is the form of habuisse and what are its subject and object?
4. Identify each direct object and indirect object (with any modifiers) on lines 17-19.
5. What are the principle parts of the verb from which tulit (20) is derived?
6. To what is his (21) referring? NOTE: treat insanus as an adverb in English.
7. What are the form and function of ferenda (22)?

II. Content.
1. What are the two key components of Ovid's curse on the tablets? (13-14)
2. Identify and explain each of the negative suggestions Ovid makes for the history of the tree from which the tablets were made (17-20).

III. Style.
1. How does Ovid use word order to emphasize the curse on lines 13-14 and to censure the manufacturer for making the tablets on lines 15-16?
2. Use your notes and previous worksheets to identify the literary effects and interesting word order arrangements Ovid is using on lines 17-20 when he suggests that the tree was bad.

IV. Scansion. Copy and scan lines 13-16.

Latin 204 Worksheet #5 - Amores 1.12 lines 1-12 Name: ____________________________________
I. Grammar.
1. What are the case number and gender of casus? (1) NOTE: make a note of the -ere third person plural ending of rediere.
2. Put the Latin words in English translated order from modo (2) to Nape (3), paying close attention to the notes.
3. Identify the complete form and function of missa (4). MAKE A NOTE of the Greek accusative digitos on this line.
4. What are the complete form and function of negaturis (8)?
5. What is the antecedent of quam (9)?
6. Write the Latin words of the relative clause of lines 9-10 (quam...apis) in English order.
7. Identify the subject of rubebas modified by medicata (11)

II. Content.
1. What are omens, and what in the lines that follow omina (3) does Ovid consider to be omens?
2. What might Ovid be thinking of with all his vivid references to the red wax?

III. Style.
1. Line 7 has an example of CHIASMUS. Look up this phrase and identify how the words of this line exhibit chiasmus.
2. The word puto exhibits the metrical phenomenon known as SYSTOLE, meaning the 'o' though naturally long is scanned as a short. What effect on the meaning does this create when used with this word?

IV. Scansion. Copy and scan lines 3-6

Latin 204 Worksheet #4 - Amores 1.11 lines 9-20 Name: ____________________________________

I. Grammar.
1. Identify every ablative phrase in these lines and tell what type of ablative is represented in each case. Use all your notes, below and in the back.
2. What are the case, number and gender of credibile (11), what is it describing? Completely identify the form of sensisse.
3. In line 14, identify the two verbs that form the condition and give their tenses and the type of condition they represent.
4. Put the words of line 14 in English translated order after you have scanned it very carefully.
5. Completely identify the forms of the 3 different participles in lines 17-19. Note the shift in tense from sentence to sentence.
6. NOTE the form of the defective verb odi (20) which works like coepi. Identify the form of vacat and explain why it is indicative (not subjunctive) in this cum clause.

II. Content
1. Why is line 13 so important to Ovid in this context of trying to arrange an affair through the woman's slave?
2. Identify all the direct AND indirect commands Ovid gives. Compare the number of these verbs to all other types of verbs and explain the feeling that gives to the entire passage.
3. Look at lines 17-18. What information does Ovid want to get from Nape, that he cannot get directly from Corinna?

III. Style
1. See note 9 and look up the rhetorical figure TRICOLON in the glossary in the back of the book. Tricolons can be ascending or descending. Try to explain how the 3 elements the tricolon of lines 9-10 could be considered as ascending in importance or strength, and how they might be viewed as descending in importance or strength. Especially explain how simplicitas fits in this list.
2. You are told in the note that line 14 is filled with ASSONANCE. Look this up and tell where the assonance occurs.
3. Look at all the references to "wax" and "tablets" from line 7 to line 20. Explain how these concepts have been described in the poem and how their characterization has changed somewhat in a few lines.

IV. Scansion. Copy and try to scan lines 9-15. Please note that the long lines are dactylic hexameter, the short lines are pentameter. See "Scansion Handout II. C for rules on the short line. Pay very close attention to line 14. Your scansion will tell you what's nominative (short a) and what's ablative (long a).

Latin 204 Worksheet #3 - Daedalus and Icarus lines 227-235 Name: ____________________________________

I. Grammar.
1. What is the case of remigio and why? (227).
2. Write the entire Latin sentence from nudos (227) to illo (234) in English translation order. That is, put the Latin words in the order they would need to be
in English to understand the sentence completely. Use the notes and Question and Answer info in the back of your book to guide you through this.
3. Give the complete form of the participle clamantia and tell what word it describes (229)
4. What type of ablative is aqua (230) and what word modifies it?
5. Give the complete form of requiram. (232)
6. Identify the form and function of sepulcro (234)
7. Give the case number and gender of each applicable word in line 235

II. Content
1. How do the rhetorical questions in line 232 receive an unintended answer?
2. What is illogical about the ending of this poem? That is, what is wrong with the description of Daedalus' final actions here?

III. Style
1. Explain the word order of the phrase nudos...lacertos (227)
2. How do the words of 229-230 show a spiraling effect in their meaning and placement (see the notes to guide you).

IV. Scansion. Copy and try to scan lines 230-235 according to the rules we covered Monday.

Latin 204 Worksheet #2 - Daedalus and Icarus lines 217-226 Name: ____________________________________

I. Grammar.
1. Identify the form and function of captat(217).
2. What is the antecedent (word from main sentence referred to by the relative pronoun) for the qui of quique? (219)
NOTE: aethera is a Greek accusative of a masculine noun.
3. Identify the form and function of possent (219)
4. What are the complete form and function of relictae? (221)
5. What are the case, number and gender of each word in the phrase fecundaque melle Calymne? (222)
6. What is the complete object of gaudere,(223) including any modifier? Give the case of this object.
7. What are the case, number and gender of each word in the phrase caelique cupidine tractus? (224)
8. Completely identify the form and function of altius (225)

II. Content
1. What is a common theme between Ovid's 3 choices of observers of Daedalus and Icarus' flight (217-218) and how does this fit the complete context of
lines 217-220?
2. How is credidit esse deos (220) a negative concept in this context and what caused this confusion?
3. Copy the map linked here (Map of Aegean Sea) and chart Daedalus & Icarus' flight beginning at Cnossus Crete and following Ovid's directions, lines
220-222. All the islands mentioned by Ovid appear in the bottom middle area of the map. The island alluded to on the next page is Icaria, so you can consider it the final location of Icarus' fall.
4. Thought question: Explain the modifier odoratas as a description for ceras (226). How can that be a useful description of wax in this context?

III. Style
1. Look up Alliteration in the "Figures of Speech" glossary in the back of your book. Write the definition and identify a line in your reading for today which
contains 2 examples of alliteration back to back. What effect might this have on the meaning of this line?
2. Look at the note on mollit for line 226. What link of thought is being made between this scene and the one at 199 where this verb was also used?
3. Look at notes for lines 212 and 214 on the literary figure Hyperbaton. and identify an example of this strong separation of noun and modifier in the lines
for today. What is the effect of this distortion of word order?

Latin 204 Worksheet #1 - Daedalus and Icarus lines 195-208 Name: ____________________________________

I. Grammar.
1. Identify the subject and object (including any modifier(s)) of tractare(196).
2. Completely identify the form (participle, so 6 different pieces of information) and function (purpose for the case) of renidenti (197)
3. Give the case, number and gender of mirabile and explain its function in the sentence (199)
4. Explain the ending of inposita (201)
5. Identify the form and function of curras(203)
6. What verb is ne subordinate to and what verbs does it govern? What type of clause does it create? (204)
7. Completely identify the form and function of gravet and adurat (205)
8. What is the complete object of iubeo (207)?
9. Identify the form and function of duce (208)

II. Content
1. Choose 2 phrases or words that describe Icarus and 2 for Daedalus that explain how different their perspectives are on the subject of flight.
2. List some words that give a light, airy feeling to these lines.
3. Daedalus begins his speech with the word medio. (203) This is Daedalus' theme in this fatherly bit of wisdom. List some of the words or phrases that follow that refer back to this theme of "moderation."
4. Based on the notes, explain Ovid's choices of constellations and the imagery he uses to describe them.

III. Style
1. Look at the word order and themes developed between quas (197) and its antecedent plumas (198). What imagery does Ovid develop in this separation of words in agreement?
2. What strong similarities exist between lines 198-200 and what does this convey about Icarus?
3. Explain the word placement and figurative similarities of the ends of lines 201 and 202.
4. You are told that lines 204-205 include usage of the literary figure asyndeton. Give the definition of this term from the glossary of "Figures of Speech" in the back of your book, then explain the poetic effect created by using this figure.